{"id":146,"date":"2011-12-24T10:14:17","date_gmt":"2011-12-24T17:14:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wei-tek.com\/myblog\/?p=146"},"modified":"2012-08-02T16:12:16","modified_gmt":"2012-08-02T23:12:16","slug":"146","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.wei-tek.com\/?p=146","title":{"rendered":"Vim Cheat Sheet"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

Vim Commands Cheat Sheet<\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

How to Exit<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
:q[uit]<\/td>\nQuit Vim. This fails when changes have been made.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:q[uit]!<\/td>\nQuit without writing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:cq[uit]<\/td>\nQuit always, without writing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:wq<\/td>\nWrite the current file and exit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:wq!<\/td>\nWrite the current file and exit always.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:wq {file}<\/td>\nWrite to {file}. Exit if not editing the last<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:wq! {file}<\/td>\nWrite to {file} and exit always.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]wq[!]<\/td>\n[file] Same as above, but only write the lines in [range].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ZZ<\/td>\nWrite current file, if modified, and exit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ZQ<\/td>\nQuit current file and exit (same as “:q!”).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Editing a File<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
:e[dit]<\/td>\nEdit the current file. This is useful to re-edit the current file, when it has been changed outside of Vim.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:e[dit]!<\/td>\nEdit the current file always. Discard any changes to the current buffer. This is useful if you want to start all over again.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:e[dit] {file}<\/td>\nEdit {file}.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:e[dit]! {file}<\/td>\nEdit {file} always. Discard any changes to the current buffer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gf<\/td>\nEdit the file whose name is under or after the cursor. Mnemonic: “goto file”.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Inserting Text<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
a<\/td>\nAppend text after the cursor [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A<\/td>\nAppend text at the end of the line [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
i<\/td>\nInsert text before the cursor [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I<\/td>\nInsert text before the first non-blank in the line [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gI<\/td>\nInsert text in column 1 [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
o<\/td>\nBegin a new line below the cursor and insert text, repeat [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
O<\/td>\nBegin a new line above the cursor and insert text, repeat [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

Inserting a file<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
:r[ead] [name]<\/td>\nInsert the file [name] below the cursor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:r[ead] !{cmd}<\/td>\nExecute {cmd} and insert its standard output below the cursor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Deleting Text<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<Del> or
\nx<\/td>\n		Delete [count] characters under and after the cursor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
X<\/td>\nDelete [count] characters before the cursor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d{motion}<\/td>\nDelete text that {motion} moves over<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dd<\/td>\nDelete [count] lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D<\/td>\nDelete the characters under the cursor until the end of the line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}x or
\n{Visual}d<\/td>\n		Delete the highlighted text (for {Visual} see Selecting Text<\/a>).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}CTRL-H or
\n{Visual}<\/td>\n		When in Select mode: Delete the highlighted text<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}X or
\n{Visual}D<\/td>\n		Delete the highlighted lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]d[elete]<\/td>\nDelete [range] lines (default: current line)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]d[elete] {count}<\/td>\nDelete {count} lines, starting with [range]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Changing (or Replacing) Text<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
r{char}<\/td>\nreplace the character under the cursor with {char}.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R<\/td>\nEnter Insert mode, replacing characters rather than inserting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
~<\/td>\nSwitch case of the character under the cursor and move the cursor to the right. If a [count] is given, do that many characters.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
~{motion}<\/td>\nswitch case of {motion} text.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}~<\/td>\nSwitch case of highlighted text<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Substituting<\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
:[range]s[ubstitute]\/{pattern}\/{string}\/[c][e][g][p][r][i][I] [count]<\/td>\nFor each line in [range] replace a match of {pattern} with {string}.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]s[ubstitute] [c][e][g][r][i][I] [count] :[range]&[c][e][g][r][i][I] [count]<\/td>\nRepeat last :substitute with same search pattern and substitute string, but without the same flags. You may add extra flags<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

The arguments that you can use for the substitute commands:\r\n[c] Confirm each substitution. Vim positions the cursor on the matching\r\n string. You can type:\r\n 'y' to substitute this match\r\n 'n' to skip this match\r\n  to skip this match\r\n 'a' to substitute this and all remaining matches {not in Vi}\r\n 'q' to quit substituting {not in Vi}\r\n CTRL-E to scroll the screen up {not in Vi}\r\n CTRL-Y to scroll the screen down {not in Vi}.\r\n[e] When the search pattern fails, do not issue an error message and, in\r\n particular, continue in maps as if no error occurred.\r\n[g] Replace all occurrences in the line. Without this argument,\r\n replacement occurs only for the first occurrence in each line.\r\n[i] Ignore case for the pattern.\r\n[I] Don't ignore case for the pattern.\r\n[p] Print the line containing the last substitute.<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
<\/a>Copying and Moving Text<\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
“{a-zA-Z0-9.%#:-“}<\/td>\nUse register {a-zA-Z0-9.%#:-“} for next delete, yank or put (use uppercase character to append with delete and yank) ({.%#:} only work with put).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:reg[isters]<\/td>\nDisplay the contents of all numbered and named registers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:reg[isters] {arg}<\/td>\nDisplay the contents of the numbered and named registers that are mentioned in {arg}.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:di[splay] [arg]<\/td>\nSame as :registers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]y{motion}<\/td>\nYank {motion} text [into register x].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]yy<\/td>\nYank [count] lines [into register x]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]Y<\/td>\nyank [count] lines [into register x] (synonym for yy).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}[“x]y<\/td>\nYank the highlighted text [into register x] (for {Visual} see Selecting Text<\/a>).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{Visual}[“x]Y<\/td>\nYank the highlighted lines [into register x]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]y[ank] [x]<\/td>\nYank [range] lines [into register x].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]y[ank] [x] {count}<\/td>\nYank {count} lines, starting with last line number in [range] (default: current line), [into register x].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]p<\/td>\nPut the text [from register x] after the cursor [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]P<\/td>\nPut the text [from register x] before the cursor [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]gp<\/td>\nJust like “p”, but leave the cursor just after the new text.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[“x]gP<\/td>\nJust like “P”, but leave the cursor just after the new text.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[line]pu[t] [x]<\/td>\nPut the text [from register x] after [line] (default current line).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[line]pu[t]! [x]<\/td>\nPut the text [from register x] before [line] (default current line).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
<\/a>Undo\/Redo\/Repeat<\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
u<\/td>\nUndo [count] changes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:u[ndo]<\/td>\nUndo one change.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CTRL-R<\/td>\nRedo [count] changes which were undone.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:red[o]<\/td>\nRedo one change which was undone.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
U<\/td>\nUndo all latest changes on one line. {Vi: while not moved off of it}<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.<\/td>\nRepeat last change, with count replaced with [count].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Moving Around<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Basic motion commands:\r\n\r\n k\r\nh l\r\nj<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
h or<\/td>\n[count] characters to the left (exclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l or
\nor<\/td>\n		[count] characters to the right (exclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
k or
\nor
\nCTRL-P<\/td>\n		[count] lines upward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
j or
\nor
\nCTRL-J or
\nor
\nCTRL-N<\/td>\n		[count] lines downward (linewise).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\nTo the first character of the line (exclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<Home><\/td>\nTo the first character of the line (exclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
^<\/td>\nTo the first non-blank character of the line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$ or
\n<End><\/td>\n		To the end of the line and [count – 1] lines downward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
g0 or
\ng<Home><\/td>\n		When lines wrap (‘wrap on): To the first character of the screen line (exclusive). Differs from “0” when a line is wider than the screen. When lines don’t wrap (‘wrap’ off): To the leftmost character of the current line that is on the screen. Differs from “0” when the first character of the line is not on the screen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
g^<\/td>\nWhen lines wrap (‘wrap’ on): To the first non-blank character of the screen line (exclusive). Differs from “^” when a line is wider than the screen. When lines don’t wrap (‘wrap’ off): To the leftmost non-blank character of the current line that is on the screen. Differs from “^” when the first non-blank character of the line is not on the screen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
g$ or
\ng<End&gr;<\/td>\n		When lines wrap (‘wrap’ on): To the last character of the screen line and [count – 1] screen lines downward (inclusive). Differs from “$” when a line is wider than the screen. When lines don’t wrap (‘wrap’ off): To the rightmost character of the current line that is visible on the screen. Differs from “$” when the last character of the line is not on the screen or when a count is used.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
f{char}<\/td>\nTo [count]’th occurrence of {char} to the right. The cursor is placed on {char} (inclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F{char}<\/td>\nTo the [count]’th occurrence of {char} to the left. The cursor is placed on {char} (inclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t{char}<\/td>\nTill before [count]’th occurrence of {char} to the right. The cursor is placed on the character left of {char} (inclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T{char}<\/td>\nTill after [count]’th occurrence of {char} to the left. The cursor is placed on the character right of {char} (inclusive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
;<\/td>\nRepeat latest f, t, F or T [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
,<\/td>\nRepeat latest f, t, F or T in opposite direction [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
– <minus><\/td>\n[count] lines upward, on the first non-blank character (linewise).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
+ or
\nCTRL-M or
\n<CR><\/td>\n		[count] lines downward, on the first non-blank character (linewise).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
_ <underscore><\/td>\n[count] – 1 lines downward, on the first non-blank character (linewise).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<C-End> or
\nG<\/td>\n		Goto line [count], default last line, on the first non-blank character.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<C-Home> or
\ngg<\/td>\n		Goto line [count], default first line, on the first non-blank character.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<S-Right> or
\nw<\/td>\n		[count] words forward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<C-Right> or
\nW<\/td>\n		[count] WORDS forward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
e<\/td>\nForward to the end of word [count]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E<\/td>\nForward to the end of WORD [count]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<S-Left> or
\nb<\/td>\n		[count] words backward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<C-Left> or
\nB<\/td>\n		[count] WORDS backward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ge<\/td>\nBackward to the end of word [count]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gE<\/td>\nBackward to the end of WORD [count]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
These commands move over words or WORDS.<\/p>\n
A word consists of a sequence of letters, digits and underscores, or a sequence of other non-blank characters, separated with white space (spaces, tabs, ). This can be changed with the ‘iskeyword’ option.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
A WORD consists of a sequence of non-blank characters, separated with white space. An empty line is also considered to be a word and a WORD.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
(<\/td>\n[count] sentences backward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
)<\/td>\n[count] sentences forward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{<\/td>\n[count] paragraphs backward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
}<\/td>\n[count] paragraphs forward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
]]<\/td>\n[count] sections forward or to the next ‘{‘ in the first column. When used after an operator, then the ‘}’ in the first column.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
][<\/td>\n[count] sections forward or to the next ‘}’ in the first column<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[[<\/td>\n[count] sections backward or to the previous ‘{‘ in the first column<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[]<\/td>\n[count] sections backward or to the previous ‘}’ in the first column<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Marks<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
m{a-zA-Z}<\/td>\nSet mark {a-zA-Z} at cursor position (does not move the cursor, this is not a motion command).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
m’ or
\nm`<\/td>\n		Set the previous context mark. This can be jumped to with the “”” or ““” command (does not move the cursor, this is not a motion command).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]ma[rk] {a-zA-Z}<\/td>\nSet mark {a-zA-Z} at last line number in [range], column 0. Default is cursor line.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:[range]k{a-zA-Z}<\/td>\nSame as :mark, but the space before the mark name can be omitted.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
‘{a-z}<\/td>\nTo the first non-blank character on the line with mark {a-z} (linewise).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
‘{A-Z0-9}<\/td>\nTo the first non-blank character on the line with mark {A-Z0-9} in the correct file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
`{a-z}<\/td>\nTo the mark {a-z}<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
`{A-Z0-9}<\/td>\nTo the mark {A-Z0-9} in the correct file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:marks<\/td>\nList all the current marks (not a motion command).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:marks {arg}<\/td>\nList the marks that are mentioned in {arg} (not a motion command). For example:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Searching<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\/{pattern}[\/]<\/td>\nSearch forward for the [count]’th occurrence of {pattern}<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/{pattern}\/{offset}<\/td>\nSearch forward for the [count]’th occurrence of {pattern} and go {offset} lines up or down.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/<CR><\/td>\nSearch forward for the [count]’th latest used pattern<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/\/{offset}<CR><\/td>\nSearch forward for the [count]’th latest used pattern with new. If {offset} is empty no offset is used.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
?{pattern}[?]<CR><\/td>\nSearch backward for the [count]’th previous occurrence of {pattern}<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
?{pattern}?{offset}<CR><\/td>\nSearch backward for the [count]’th previous occurrence of {pattern} and go {offset} lines up or down<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
?<CR><\/td>\nSearch backward for the [count]’th latest used pattern<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
??{offset}<CR><\/td>\nSearch backward for the [count]’th latest used pattern with new {offset}. If {offset} is empty no offset is used.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n<\/td>\nRepeat the latest “\/” or “?” [count] times.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/td>\nRepeat the latest “\/” or “?” [count] times in opposite direction.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Selecting Text (Visual Mode)<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
To select text, enter visual mode with one of the commands below, and use motion commands<\/a> to highlight the text you are interested in. Then, use some command on the text.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
The operators that can be used are:\r\n ~ switch case\r\n d delete\r\n c change\r\n y yank\r\n > shift right\r\n < shift left\r\n ! filter through external command\r\n = filter through 'equalprg' option command\r\n gq format lines to 'textwidth' length<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
v<\/td>\nstart Visual mode per character.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V<\/td>\nstart Visual mode linewise.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<Esc><\/td>\nexit Visual mode without making any changes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
How to Suspend<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
CTRL-Z<\/td>\nSuspend Vim, like “:stop”. Works in Normal and in Visual mode. In Insert and Command-line mode, the CTRL-Z is inserted as a normal character.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
:sus[pend][!] or
\n:st[op][!]<\/td>\n		Suspend Vim. If the ‘!’ is not given and ‘autowrite’ is set, every buffer with changes and a file name is written out. If the ‘!’ is given or ‘autowrite’ is not set, changed buffers are not written, don’t forget to bring Vim back to the foreground later!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Vimtutor<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
vimtutor<\/td>\nInstead of running<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
  Vim Commands Cheat Sheet   How to Exit   :q[uit] Quit Vim. This fails when changes have been made. :q[uit]! Quit without writing. :cq[uit] Quit always, without writing. :wq Write the current file and exit. :wq! Write the current file and exit always. :wq {file} Write to {file}. Exit if not editing the last<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[43,44],"class_list":["post-146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-cheat-sheet","tag-vim"],"yoast_head":"\nVim Cheat Sheet - WEI-Tek Consulting Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.wei-tek.com\/?p=146\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vim Cheat Sheet - WEI-Tek Consulting Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  Vim Commands Cheat Sheet   How to Exit   :q[uit] Quit Vim. This fails when changes have been made. :q[uit]! Quit without writing. :cq[uit] Quit always, without writing. :wq Write the current file and exit. :wq! Write the current file and exit always. :wq {file} Write to {file}. 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